Essay On Mscs - 808 Words

Applications of MSCs: Findings of in vitro studies, animal models and clinical practices have suggested different applications for MSCs. There are a large number of clues about the efficiency of MSCs in regenerative medicine, tissue engineering and immunotherapy. Currently, a significant number of clinical trials have been conducted on the application of MSCs in the treatment of various diseases, including orthopedic wounds (30), cardiovascular diseases (31), autoimmune diseases such as Crohns, type 1 diabetes (32) and GVHD following stem cell transplantation and liver diseases. Moreover MSCs are applied as cell therapy for the treatment of bone and cartilage disorders, contributing to wound healing (33) or they are applied in the†¦show more content†¦MSCs are a promising tool for cell therapy. They partly contribute to the repair of injured tissues, but they cannot effectively play role in tissue repairing because of their scarce number (e.g. 1 per 106 cells in bone marrow or 1 per 104 cells in umbilical cord) (6). Therefore, in vitro cultivation and expansion and increasing their number for therapeutic purposes is necessary. However, their characteristics and phenotypes may be affected after cultivation and proliferation, depending on factors such as age and donor conditions, cell separation techniques, culture media and supplements (8). Because of self renewality and the ability to differentiate into different lineages they are an extremely appropriate treatment option (37) and are considered as an ideal source for tissue engineering (38). 2. MSCs also have immunosuppressive or immunomodulatory features because of producing immunosuppressive cytokines. Among varied MSCs sources, adipose tissue isolated MSCs have the highest immune suppression potential (39). They have a wide range of functions to suppress the innate and acquired immune responses which include, regulating cytokine production, suppressing cytotoxic T-cell activity, inhibiting differentiation of dendritic cells, elevating the number of regulatory T cell (40) and inhibiting the activity of B-cell, NK-cell and DC. They mainly function through induction of soluble factors such as TGF-b, HGF, NO and HLA-G. Although they canShow MoreRelatedApplications Of Msc Essay1127 Words   |  5 PagesMajor applications of MSCs are: 1. MSCs are a promising tool for cell therapy. They partly contribute to the repair of injured tissues, but they cannot effectively participate in tissue repairing because of their scarce number (e.g. 1 per 106 cells in bone marrow or 1 per 104 cells in umbilical cord) (6). Therefore, in vitro cultivation and expansion and increasing their number for therapeutic purposes is necessary. However, their characteristics and phenotypes may be affected after cultivationRead MoreThe Importance Of Obesity1408 Words   |  6 Pagesrising annually (F. 1). Naturally, this has a multitude of effects on society, such as negative externalities. These can be presented in four categories: direct medical costs, human capital costs, productivity costs and transportation costs. This essay will focus on the transportation costs from an economic point of view. The laws of physics state that a heavier load requires more energy to travel the same distance as a lighter one. Since obese people have a higher body weight than average, theirRead MoreChapter 2 Biology and Psychology Essay9060 Words   |  37 Pagesthese ANS: D DIF: 2 REF: 2-26 OBJ: 1 MSC: TYPE: Conceptual 2. A(n) _________ is a nerve cell. a. axon c. dendrite b. neuron d. glial cell ANS: B DIF: 1 REF: 2-26 OBJ: 1 MSC: TYPE: Factual NOT: BTC 3. ________ remove dead neurons and waste products from the nervous system, nourish and insulate neurons, and direct their growth. a. Schwann cells c. Glial cells b. Neurons d. Myelin sheaths ANS: C DIF: 2 REF: 2-26 OBJ: 1 MSC: TYPE: Factual 4. The function ofRead MoreAutonomic Nervous System and Obj8649 Words   |  35 Pagesrespond.|d.|to drives.| ANS: C DIF: 2 REF: 9-188 OBJ: 1 MSC: TYPE: Factual 2. The study of motivation is an attempt to understand __________ a behavior occurs. a.|why|c.|when| b.|how|d.|all of these| ANS: A DIF: 1 REF: 9-188 OBJ: 1 MSC: TYPE: Factual NOT: BTC 3. Psychologists define hypothetical states that activate behavior and propel one towards goals as a.|needs.|c.|drives.| b.|motives.|d.|incentives.| ANS: B DIF: 1 REF: 9-188 OBJ: 1 MSC: TYPE: Factual 4. Motives are described as hypotheticalRead MoreQuestions And Questions On Debating Skills848 Words   |  4 Pagessure that the students develop the capability to think on both sides of a policy or procedure. 1.3.3 Interprofessional groups Working in the interprofessional groups under supervision of a multidisciplinary faculty emerged as a trademark of the MSc HQ program. The word ‘group’ appeared in every syllabi of the courses, while 6 course faculty members mentioned importance of inter-professional group work during the interviews. The instructors performed multiple activities to make the group (p3:12)Read MoreWhy Are Environmental Failures Considered to Be an Example of Market Failure?652 Words   |  3 PagesMarket failure is defined as when community surplus is not maximized due to problems preventing resources from being allocated in an optical manner. Negative externalities, also used in this essay, is defined as a decision or a product that leads to it having a larger society cost than private cost. This essay will be split into different parts to tackle this problem: 1) Examples of market failures and environmental problems 2) Explanation of environmental problems as negative externalities Read MorePsychology : A Profession And A Science1525 Words   |  7 Pagesindividuals see (Super Super, 2009). A percentage of the psychological professions include clinical psychology, counseling psychology, health psychology, forensic psychology, social psychology etc. (Keether Morgan, 2013). I have decided to pursue with MSc. forensic psychology after my undergraduate degree. Forensic psychology is that piece of psychiatry, which manages patients and issues at the interface of the legitimate and psychiatric frameworks (Towl, Farrington, Crighton Hughes, 2008). The vastRead MoreThe last samurai3678 Words   |  15 Pagesd. B + D + E + F. Essay 51. â€Å"An increase in the demand for notebooks raises the quantity of notebooks demanded but not the quantity supplied.† Is this statement true or false? Explain in economic terms and illustrate with a graph showing the original supply and demand and any changes. Macro Fall 2009 Test 1 Answer Section MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 1-1 NAT: Analytic LOC: Scarcity, tradeoffs, and opportunity cost TOP: Tradeoffs MSC: Interpretive 2. ANS:Read MoreInternational Trade And Its Effects On The Environment1526 Words   |  7 Pagesfrom indirect tax incentives (www.miti.gov.my, 2012). However a point to be noted that in Malaysia certain industries, such as automobile, petroleum etc. heavy restrictions are placed on foreigners, one reason been to protect domestic market. This essay will focus on how Malaysian government encourage foreign investors and the policies, programs and incentives set forth by Malaysia to achieve this Malaysia is one of the most dynamic countries in Southeast Asia with a sturdy growth of annual tradeRead MoreThe Mainstream Supply Chain Management1649 Words   |  7 PagesThe question requires us to critically analyze the strengths and weaknesses of mainstream supply chain management with the help of other critical frameworks of GSCs. This essay question will be answered by overall analyzing the Mainstream Supply Chain (MSC) as introduced and researched by one of the most notable authors on the topic and these strengths and weaknesses shall be further assessed with other frameworks of GSCs known as the critical supply chain management, Global Commodity Chain (GCC)